主要洞察：
- Bitcoin news confirms its first BTC quantum-safe transaction in block 964,199.
- QSB used hash-based protection without changing 比特币’s consensus rules.
- QSB 交易的成本可能高达 150 至 200 美元，并需要数小时的 GPU 计算。
Bitcoin reporting shifted toward quantum security following the confirmation of the network’s first known quantum-safe transaction on the mainnet on August 26. StarkWare researcher Avihu Levy engineered the Quantum Safe Bitcoin approach, known as QSB, and trialed it on the live network.
MARA processed the transaction via its proprietary Slipstream service, thereby circumventing any modifications to 比特币’s baseline consensus rules. The test featured a 10,000-satoshi output and successfully cleared in 比特币 block 964,199.
抗量子攻击比特币旨在应对公钥暴露窗口
Bitcoins secured behind a hashed P2PKH address keep the public key concealed until the owner initiates a spend. The vulnerability emerges post-broadcast, during the interval when a transaction exposes that public key before miners successfully include it in a block.
这段暴露期通常持续大约十分钟，这正是 QSB 旨在缓解的确切漏洞窗口。理论上，足够先进的量子计算机可以在该时间段内计算出私钥并劫持资金。
Levy 最初于 2026 年 4 月发布了关于 QSB 的研究结果，该框架建立在修改后的 Binohash 架构之上。该结构将每笔交易包裹在基于哈希函数的工作量证明谜题中，而不是完全依赖暴露的签名。
Levy calculated that the strategy delivers approximately 118 bits of security when evaluated against Shor’s algorithm. He pegged its effective security at roughly half that strength when facing Grover’s algorithm.
Because the framework stays within current 比特币 script limitations, it bypasses the need for a soft fork. Even so, the transaction layout remains non-standard, meaning standard Bitcoin software declines to relay it.
因此，StarkWare 利用 Slipstream 将交易直接路由至 MARA 以进行区块整合。结合更广泛的加密货币发展，MARA 基金会负责人 Isabel Foxen Duke 将这条途径描述为一种临时措施，而非长期的私有内存池（mempool）修复方案。
比特币新闻测试在不更改共识的情况下使用基于哈希的保护
这一里程碑依赖于基于哈希的安全措施，而标准比特币交易则继续采用椭圆曲线密码学。QSB 利用一次性兰普特签名（Lamport signatures）以及哈希函数，以最大程度地减少对在交易广播期间暴露的签名的依赖。
As a result, the transaction verified a quantum-resistant spending mechanism operating strictly under established Bitcoin protocols. It additionally demonstrated that miners can validate this unconventional script provided they receive it directly.
StarkWare CEO Eli Ben-Sasson noted that the transaction offers users a viable alternative ahead of any permanent network overhaul. He reiterated his preference for Bitcoin eventually implementing a soft fork to secure long-term quantum defense. His remarks kept the mainnet test distinct from any assertion that QSB serves as a substitute for a protocol-level remedy.
成本和交易大小限制了 QSB 的实际应用
Despite requiring no shifts in network consensus, the methodology demands substantial computational power. StarkWare noted that generating the proof can take hours of processing across multiple high-performance graphics cards. Projected expenses sit between $150 and $200 for a single QSB transaction, aligning with Levy’s earlier assessment pointing to extra GPU costs totaling a few hundred dollars.
此外，交易规模超过了标准比特币转账，限制了其广泛部署的可行性。在当前设计下进行更广泛的采用可能会激增网络数据需求并推高交易费用。
For cryptocurrency users, this mainnet demonstration proves the concept functions, though the associated costs remain substantial. Coverage of the trial therefore highlights present-day feasibility, while developers continue to advocate for a future network upgrade.
常见问题解答
什么是抗量子攻击比特币交易？
这是一种使用基于哈希的保护和一次性兰普特签名（Lamport signatures）而非标准暴露公钥来防范量子计算威胁的交易。
这笔交易是否更改了比特币的共识规则？
没有，该测试交易在未更改比特币现有共识规则的情况下完成。
QSB 交易的成本是多少？
QSB 交易的成本在 150 至 200 美元之间，并且需要数小时的高端 GPU 计算。
是谁挖出了第一笔抗量子攻击比特币交易？
MARA 在直接从 StarkWare 接收到交易后，通过其私有的 Slipstream 服务挖出了该交易。
