深入了解以太坊的原生协议隐私蓝图

主要洞察：

• The ETH as its native asset.">Ethereum privacy upgrade establishes infrastructure for private applications, though it does not make standard ETH transfers private by default.
• Out of 66 Hegotá proposals, only one is confirmed, while the privacy trio (EIP-8141, 8250, and 8272) remains under review.

The upcoming Hegotá network upgrade for ETH as its native asset.">Ethereum is currently undergoing review. Out of 66 total proposals, just one has received official scheduling. The remaining ideas, which include three submissions designed to improve support for privacy applications on the network, are still being evaluated.

This process is crucial because ETH as its native asset.">Ethereum keeps wallet addresses and transaction details completely transparent on its public ledger. Any user can easily verify a wallet balance or review its complete transaction history, which presents significant privacy challenges for corporations and businesses managing treasury funds or payroll.

过去，开发人员依赖于在以太坊之上构建外部隐私工具来应对这些局限性。目前正在考虑的 Hegotá 隐私提案旨在将其中几项功能直接集成到以太坊的核心协议中。

以太坊隐私升级：到底有哪些内容

Toni Wahrstätter, an 以太坊基金会 researcher, co-proposed Frame Transactions (EIP-8141). This change would allow user accounts to define custom rules for executing, approving, and paying for transactions rather than depending on standard Ethereum mechanics. Potential benefits include allowing third parties to cover gas fees, bundling multiple actions into a single transaction, and changing transaction-approval keys without requiring a new account.

Wahrstätter 强调的另外两个提案将进一步扩展以太坊的原生隐私功能。密钥随机数（Keyed Nonces，EIP-8250）将授予单个账户访问多个交易计数器的权限，而不再被迫依赖单一的共享队列，从而确保延迟的私密交易不会阻塞来自同一地址的其他转账。

最近根（Recent Roots，EIP-8272）将允许针对最近的密码学快照进行交易验证，从而无需对照在交易挂起期间可能发生变化的数据进行验证。

在 8 月 16 日发布于 X 的一则帖子中，Wahrstätter 概述了所有三项措施的理论依据，并指出它们可以通过使注重隐私的应用在以太坊网络上无需外部中继器即可顺畅运行，从而“解锁原生隐私”。尽管如此，“帧交易”及其配套提案仍被归类为“考虑中”，尚待正式批准。

为什么 66 个提案中迄今只有一个获批？

在 66 个提案中仅确认一个，是以太坊网络升级的常规做法。由于每个升级周期都始于大量的以太坊改进提案，核心开发者会花上几个月的时间来评估哪些提案能够在预算和时间表内切实设计、测试并交付。

新 Hegotá 提案的提交窗口已于 8 月 6 日正式关闭，共有 66 个项目列入议程。核心开发者目前正在即将召开的会议中评估这些条目，以确定哪些选项将得以推进。

FOCIL—an acronym for fork-choice enforced inclusion lists—secured approval because it tackles a more pressing vulnerability. Block builders currently possess extensive authority over which pending transactions enter a block, creating potential risks for transaction censorship.

通过利用 FOCIL，一个独立的验证者群体可以强制包含特定交易，从而限制单个构建者的单方面权力。这种有针对性的、目标明确的更改解释了它为何能在隐私选项之前推进。

此外，隐私提案明显比 FOCIL 更为复杂。由于所需修改的范围广泛，尽管赢得了以太坊基金会研究员的支持，隐私更新要通过审批流程可能仍需要更长的时间。

以太坊隐私升级将会改变什么，又不会改变什么？

对这些隐私提案保持清晰的预期至关重要，因为它们不会默认使常规的 ETH 转账变为私密。在两个普通地址之间发送标准的 ETH 将继续在账本上完全可见。

Instead, the proposals aim to minimize reliance on custom auxiliary privacy infrastructure while giving developers the foundation to build and support applications directly on Ethereum. Frame Transactions, Recent Roots, and Keyed Nonces function as protocol-level components rather than a built-in “private mode.”

The Hegotá docket also features non-privacy enhancements, such as a measure that could reduce ETH issuance to zero if stake network in return for yield.">staked ETH hits $112 billion, alongside early preparations for quantum-resistant cryptography. This highlights how developers pursue multiple long-term goals simultaneously instead of concentrating solely on privacy.

Regarding market conditions, ETH traded below $1,900 for much of August. Meanwhile, data from SoSoValue indicated that U.S. spot Ethereum ETFs achieved five consecutive weeks of positive net inflows.

Even so, Ethereum’s price fluctuations are not directly tied to the Hegotá upgrades, which are primarily designed to shape the network over the long run. At present, Ethereum’s privacy enhancement remains under deliberation, leaving FOCIL as Hegotá’s sole confirmed proposal while the remaining 65 proposals—including privacy additions—continue under review.

常见问题

• 什么是 Hegotá 升级？ 这是以太坊正在评估中的下一个重大网络升级，包含 66 项拟议更改。
• 隐私升级会隐藏常规的 ETH 转账吗？ 不会，普通地址之间的标准 ETH 转账将继续完全显示在公共账本上。
• FOCIL 的作用是什么？ FOCIL helps prevent transaction censorship by allowing a separate group of stake participant that proposes and attests to blocks using bonded collateral.">validators to mandate transaction inclusion in blocks.
• 隐私提案已经获批了吗？ 没有，诸如 Frame 交易等隐私提案仍在评估中，尚未获批。